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@ -188,7 +188,7 @@ Then add to your created project:
## How to train (Pascal VOC Data):
1. Download pre-trained weights for the convolutional layers (76 MB): http://pjreddie.com/media/files/darknet19_448.conv.23 and put to the directory `build\darknet\x64`
1. Download pre-trained weights for the convolutional layers (76 MB): http://pjreddie.com/media/files/darknet53.conv.74 and put to the directory `build\darknet\x64`
2. Download The Pascal VOC Data and unpack it to directory `build\darknet\x64\data\voc` will be created dir `build\darknet\x64\data\voc\VOCdevkit\`:
* http://pjreddie.com/media/files/VOCtrainval_11-May-2012.tar
@ -203,9 +203,13 @@ Then add to your created project:
5. Run command: `type 2007_train.txt 2007_val.txt 2012_*.txt > train.txt`
6. Set `batch=64` and `subdivisions=8` in the file `yolo-voc.2.0.cfg`: [link](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/master/build/darknet/x64/yolo-voc.2.0.cfg#L2)
6. Set `batch=64` and `subdivisions=8` in the file `yolov3-voc.cfg`: [link](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/ee38c6e1513fb089b35be4ffa692afd9b3f65747/cfg/yolov3-voc.cfg#L3-L4)
7. Start training by using `train_voc.cmd` or by using the command line: `darknet.exe detector train data/voc.data yolo-voc.2.0.cfg darknet19_448.conv.23` (**Note:** To disable Loss-Window use flag `-dont_show`. If you are using CPU, try `darknet_no_gpu.exe` instead of `darknet.exe`.)
7. Start training by using `train_voc.cmd` or by using the command line:
`darknet.exe detector train data/voc.data cfg/yolov3-voc.cfg darknet53.conv.74`
(**Note:** To disable Loss-Window use flag `-dont_show`. If you are using CPU, try `darknet_no_gpu.exe` instead of `darknet.exe`.)
If required change pathes in the file `build\darknet\x64\data\voc.data`
@ -213,28 +217,36 @@ More information about training by the link: http://pjreddie.com/darknet/yolo/#t
## How to train with multi-GPU:
1. Train it first on 1 GPU for like 1000 iterations: `darknet.exe detector train data/voc.data yolo-voc.2.0.cfg darknet19_448.conv.23`
1. Train it first on 1 GPU for like 1000 iterations: `darknet.exe detector train data/voc.data cfg/yolov3-voc.cfg darknet53.conv.74`
2. Then stop and by using partially-trained model `/backup/yolo-voc_1000.weights` run training with multigpu (up to 4 GPUs): `darknet.exe detector train data/voc.data yolo-voc.2.0.cfg /backup/yolo-voc_1000.weights -gpus 0,1,2,3`
2. Then stop and by using partially-trained model `/backup/yolo-voc_1000.weights` run training with multigpu (up to 4 GPUs): `darknet.exe detector train data/voc.data cfg/yolov3-voc.cfg /backup/yolo-voc_1000.weights -gpus 0,1,2,3`
https://groups.google.com/d/msg/darknet/NbJqonJBTSY/Te5PfIpuCAAJ
## How to train (to detect your custom objects):
1. Create file `yolo-obj.cfg` with the same content as in `yolo-voc.2.0.cfg` (or copy `yolo-voc.2.0.cfg` to `yolo-obj.cfg)` and:
1. Create file `yolo-obj.cfg` with the same content as in `yolov3.cfg` (or copy `yolov3.cfg` to `yolo-obj.cfg)` and:
* change line batch to [`batch=64`](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/master/build/darknet/x64/yolo-voc.2.0.cfg#L2)
* change line subdivisions to [`subdivisions=8`](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/master/build/darknet/x64/yolo-voc.2.0.cfg#L3)
* change line `classes=20` to your number of objects
* change line #237 from [`filters=125`](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/master/cfg/yolo-voc.2.0.cfg#L224) to: filters=(classes + 5)x5, so if `classes=2` then should be `filters=35`. Or if you use `classes=1` then write `filters=30`, **do not write in the cfg-file: filters=(classes + 5)x5**.
(Generally `filters` depends on the `classes`, `num` and `coords`, i.e. equal to `(classes + coords + 1)*num`, where `num` is number of anchors)
* change line batch to [`batch=64`](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L3)
* change line subdivisions to [`subdivisions=8`](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L4)
* change line `classes=80` to your number of objects in each of 3 `[yolo]`-layers:
* https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L610
* https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L696
* https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L783
* change [`filters=255`] to filters=(classes + 5)x3 in the 3 `[convolutional]` before each `[yolo]` layer
* https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L603
* https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L689
* https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L776
So for example, for 2 objects, your file `yolo-obj.cfg` should differ from `yolo-voc.2.0.cfg` in such lines:
So if `classes=1` then should be `filters=18`. If `classes=2` then write `filters=31`.
**(Do not write in the cfg-file: filters=(classes + 5)x3)**
(Generally `filters` depends on the `classes`, `coords` and number of `mask`s, i.e. filters=`(classes + coords + 1)*<number of mask>`, where `mask` is indices of anchors. If `mask` is absence, then filters=`(classes + coords + 1)*num`)
So for example, for 2 objects, your file `yolo-obj.cfg` should differ from `yolov3.cfg` in such lines in each of **3** [yolo]-layers:
```
[convolutional]
filters=35
filters=21
[region]
classes=2
@ -278,12 +290,12 @@ https://groups.google.com/d/msg/darknet/NbJqonJBTSY/Te5PfIpuCAAJ
data/obj/img3.jpg
```
7. Download pre-trained weights for the convolutional layers (76 MB): http://pjreddie.com/media/files/darknet19_448.conv.23 and put to the directory `build\darknet\x64`
7. Download pre-trained weights for the convolutional layers (154 MB): https://pjreddie.com/media/files/darknet53.conv.74 and put to the directory `build\darknet\x64`
8. Start training by using the command line: `darknet.exe detector train data/obj.data yolo-obj.cfg darknet19_448.conv.23`
8. Start training by using the command line: `darknet.exe detector train data/obj.data yolo-obj.cfg darknet53.conv.74`
(file `yolo-obj_xxx.weights` will be saved to the `build\darknet\x64\backup\` for each 100 iterations)
(To disable Loss-Window use `darknet.exe detector train data/obj.data yolo-obj.cfg darknet19_448.conv.23 -dont_show`, if you train on computer without monitor like a cloud Amazaon EC2)
(To disable Loss-Window use `darknet.exe detector train data/obj.data yolo-obj.cfg darknet53.conv.74 -dont_show`, if you train on computer without monitor like a cloud Amazaon EC2)
9. After training is complete - get result `yolo-obj_final.weights` from path `build\darknet\x64\backup\`
@ -306,7 +318,7 @@ If you made you custom model that isn't based on other models, then you can trai
Usually sufficient 2000 iterations for each class(object). But for a more precise definition when you should stop training, use the following manual:
1. During training, you will see varying indicators of error, and you should stop when no longer decreases **0.060730 avg**:
1. During training, you will see varying indicators of error, and you should stop when no longer decreases **0.XXXXXXX avg**:
> Region Avg IOU: 0.798363, Class: 0.893232, Obj: 0.700808, No Obj: 0.004567, Avg Recall: 1.000000, count: 8
> Region Avg IOU: 0.800677, Class: 0.892181, Obj: 0.701590, No Obj: 0.004574, Avg Recall: 1.000000, count: 8
@ -378,24 +390,28 @@ Example of custom object detection: `darknet.exe detector test data/obj.data yol
## How to improve object detection:
1. Before training:
* set flag `random=1` in your `.cfg`-file - it will increase precision by training Yolo for different resolutions: [link]https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/master/cfg/yolo-voc.2.0.cfg#L244)
* set flag `random=1` in your `.cfg`-file - it will increase precision by training Yolo for different resolutions: [link](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L788)
* increase network resolution in your `.cfg`-file (`height=608`, `width=608` or any value multiple of 32) - it will increase precision
* recalculate anchors for your dataset for `width` and `height` from cfg-file:
`darknet.exe detector calc_anchors data/obj.data -num_of_clusters 9 -width 416 -heigh 416`
then set the same 9 `anchors` in each of 3 `[yolo]`-layers in your cfg-file
* desirable that your training dataset include images with objects at diffrent: scales, rotations, lightings, from different sides
* desirable that your training dataset include images with objects (without labels) that you do not want to detect - negative samples
* for training with a large number of objects in each image, add the parameter `max=200` or higher value in the last layer [region] in your cfg-file
* to speedup training (with decreasing detection accuracy) do Fine-Tuning instead of Transfer-Learning, set param `stopbackward=1` in one of the penultimate convolutional layers, for example here: https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/cad4d1618fee74471d335314cb77070fee951a42/cfg/yolo-voc.2.0.cfg#L202
* to speedup training (with decreasing detection accuracy) do Fine-Tuning instead of Transfer-Learning, set param `stopbackward=1` in one of the penultimate convolutional layers before the 1-st `[yolo]`-layer, for example here: https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L598
2. After training - for detection:
* Increase network-resolution by set in your `.cfg`-file (`height=608` and `width=608`) or (`height=832` and `width=832`) or (any value multiple of 32) - this increases the precision and makes it possible to detect small objects: [link](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/master/cfg/yolo-voc.2.0.cfg#L4)
* Increase network-resolution by set in your `.cfg`-file (`height=608` and `width=608`) or (`height=832` and `width=832`) or (any value multiple of 32) - this increases the precision and makes it possible to detect small objects: [link](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L8-L9)
* you do not need to train the network again, just use `.weights`-file already trained for 416x416 resolution
* if error `Out of memory` occurs then in `.cfg`-file you should increase `subdivisions=16`, 32 or 64: [link](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/master/cfg/yolo-voc.2.0.cfg#L3)
* if error `Out of memory` occurs then in `.cfg`-file you should increase `subdivisions=16`, 32 or 64: [link](https://github.com/AlexeyAB/darknet/blob/0039fd26786ab5f71d5af725fc18b3f521e7acfd/cfg/yolov3.cfg#L4)
## How to mark bounded boxes of objects and create annotation files:

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